Come installare Windows Vista con Linux a bordo

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Scenario: You have Linux already installed but want to dual boot it with Vista on the same hard drive.Summary of tutorial: We’ll dual-boot Ubuntu 7.04 with Vista. With Ubuntu already installed and owning the entire drive, we’ll use the latest version of GParted to shrink the Linux partition to create space for a Vista install. Then, as Vista’s MBR will then overwrite GRUB, we’ll reinstall GRUB to the Linux partition and use EasyBCD to modify the Vista bootloader so that it will boot Ubuntu.This tutorial is an updated version of our previous Ubuntu/Vista dual-booting workshop. The main differences with this version are the newer versions of Ubuntu, GParted and EasyBCD, and we bypass using the DISKPART utility during the Vista install.

This tutorial has been tested on a VMWare Workstation 6 machine and an ASUS P5AD2-based Intel system with 2GB RAM and an 80GB Seagate SATA drive.

Get started

Preparing a Linux system to dual boot with Vista is very much like preparing an XP system. You first have to shrink the existing OS partition (in this tutorial, Ubuntu) to make way for Vista.

We’ll use a third-party application called GParted – the GNOME Partition Editor. GParted is available as a system application on the Ubuntu Live CD (System > Administration > GNOME Partition Editor), but we’ll use the GParted LiveCD in this workshop.

The GParted Live CD ISO is available here – burn it to CD and boot the system from the disc. The version we used was 0.3.4-7.

Boot the Linux machine from the GParted LiveCD. Depending on your system, you should just need to select the auto-configuration boot option.

Ubuntu & Vista – GParted

During boot, press Enter twice when prompted to select the keymap and language settings. When the main GUI loads, right-click on the main partition (depending on your setup, probably /dev/sda1) and select Resize/Move.

Ubuntu & Vista – GParted Resize

Use the slider to create sufficient space to house the Vista installation (about 10GB) then click Resize/Move.

Ubuntu & Vista – GParted Resize 2

The resize becomes a pending operation – click Apply to commit the change. Once that’s done, right-click on the /dev/sda1 partition (or the equivalent – the partition you just resized) and select Manage Flags. This partition is marked as a boot partition, and this means that the Vista installation won’t work properly while there’s a bootable non-Windows partition on the system. Remove the boot flag and click Close.

Ubuntu & Vista – GParted Flags

And that’s it – GParted really is one of the best partitioning tools out there. Quit GParted and double-click the Shutdown icon, then shut down the system. Then, fire up the machine with the Vista install DVD.

Step through the installation process until you get to the partition selection screen. Select the newly-created space (should be Disk 0 Unallocated Space), and click Next to continue the installation.

Ubuntu & Vista – Install Vista

Go and grab a coffee – Vista will install and reboot the system

Reinstall GRUB

During the installation, Vista will overwrite the MBR and GRUB will be lost. When you the machine reboots, Linux is nowhere to be seen.

Once Vista is installed the GRUB bootloader is gone and you have no way of booting Linux. However, if you simply reinstall GRUB to the MBR it will overwrite the Vista bootloader and you’ll have to manually configure GRUB to boot Vista. This can be done by the way – check out our workshop on dual-booting Vista and Ubuntu where Vista is installed first.

However, in this tutorial we’re going to keep the Vista bootloader and modify it to boot Ubuntu. But, we can’t do this without GRUB, so we’ll install it to the partition which was the Ubuntu boot partition, rather than to the MBR.

To do this, we need to boot the system using the Ubuntu Live CD.

When the CD loads, launch a terminal window (Applications > Accessories > Terminal).

Ubuntu & Vista – Terminal

In the terminal, type:

sudo grub

This will put you in superuser mode and launch the GRUB application.

To find the partition with the GRUB boot files, type in:

find /boot/grub/stage1

Ubuntu & Vista – sudo grub

The response should be “(hd0,0)” or something similar – this is where you need to reinstall GRUB.

Set this location as root for the current session:

root (hd0,0)

Ubuntu & Vista – set root

Then type in:

setup (hd0,0)

This will reinstall the GRUB bootloader to disk 0, partition 0. If you type in “setup (hd0)” then GRUB will be reinstalled to the MBR and will overwrite Vista’s bootloader.

Ubuntu & Vista – setup grub

Type in “quit”, exit the terminal window, and you’re done. Reboot the system and boot into Vista (at this point, you still won’t see any option to boot into Linux).

Ceate the Linux boot option in Vista

Boot back into Vista. Download EasyBCD 1.60 and install it. EasyBCD is third-party GUI front end to the BCEDIT bootloader editor in Vista.

Then launch the EasyBCD program. Go to Add/Remove Entries in the left menu, and then the “Linux/BSD” tab.

Ubuntu & Vista – EasyBCD

In the Linux/BSD tab, under the “Type” dropdown menu, select Grub. The default name is “NeoSmart Linux” but you can change it to “Ubuntu” or whatever. Click the Drive drop-down menu and choose the correct partition – if you installed GRUB to (hd0,0), then select Drive 0, Partition 0.

Ubuntu & Vista – EasyBCD Linux

Select “Add Entry” and then “Save”. Exit EasyBCD and restart the machine.

Ubuntu & Vista – EasyBCD Updated

Now you should be presented with a boot menu with two boot options – Vista and Ubuntu. Select the Ubuntu boot option and it will load GRUB and boot from the Ubuntu partition.

Ubuntu & Vista – Boot Menu

And that’s pretty much it. Dual-booting any operating system with Vista can be a bit messy due to Vista’s annoying habit of ignoring all other bootloaders on the system, but you can always get around it.

fonte: apcmag.com

Come installare Linux con XP a bordo

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Scenario: You want to install Linux on your system which is already running Windows XP.

Tutorial Summary: We’re assuming that Windows XP is already up and running on your system. We’ll install Ubuntu 7.04 over the top to dualboot both operating system.

This tutorial has been tested on a VMWare Workstation 6 machine and an ASUS P5AD2-based Intel system with 2GB RAM and an 80GB Seagate SATA drive.

Download Ubuntu

The first thing is to make sure you have the Ubuntu Live CD. You can certainly use Ubuntu 7.04 for this tutorial instead and it should work pretty much the same. However, the screenshots won’t be the same and there may be some steps which don’t match.

You can grab a copy of Ubuntu 7.04 from here:

http://public.planetmirror.com/pub/ubuntu/releases/7.04/ubuntu-7.04-desktop-i386.iso

Burn the ISO to a CD and you’re ready to go.

Prepare the XP System

Fortunately there’s almost no preparation needed from the perspective of the XP partition. Of course it needs sufficient space to install Ubuntu, and you can certainly create this space manually using either the latest version of the GNOME Partition Editor (available here), or use the application from the Ubuntu Live CD.

However, Ubuntu will use the same partition managing tools during installation, so we can leave it until that stage of the install.

Install Ubuntu

Boot the XP machine from the Live CD and select “Start or install Ubuntu”.

XP & Ubuntu – Install Ubuntu

Once the Live CD has loaded, double-click the Install icon on the desktop to start the installation process.

On the Welcome screen, choose your language and select Forward.

XP & Ubuntu – Install Ubuntu – Language

On the “Where are you” (timezone) page, select your location and then Forward.

XP & Ubuntu – Install Ubuntu – Timezone

On the next screen, choose the appropriate keyboard layout and then Forward.

XP & Ubuntu – Install Ubuntu – Keyboard

Now Ubuntu loads the disk partitioner. The first option, to resize the main partition and use the freed space, is pretty much the best one to go with.

Dualboot – Partition Disks

The default recommendation for the new partition size is optimal, but you can move the slider up and down to change it as you see fit. If you’re feeling brave, you can also manually edit the partition table, but unless you’re really confident about what you’re doing, this isn’t recommended.

Click Forward to continue.

Ubuntu now has enough information to install, so click Install and go make a coffee.

When the install is complete the system will reboot. When the GRUB boot menu is displayed, have a look at the last entry in the list.

After the Ubuntu boot options, there will be an entry “Other operating systems” and beneath that “Microsoft Windows XP Professional” (or Home, whichever version you’re using). By default Ubuntu will load itself after 10 seconds.

Dualboot – GRUB Boot Menu

If you choose to boot Windows XP at this point, it will probably launch a check on its partition. This is because the partition has been resized since last boot, and it will want to run a consistency check to make sure there are no problems.

When XP loads, it will also probably detect new hardware (again, the resized partition) and will prompt to reboot.

Dualboot – Reboot XP

On reboot it will probably run through another, longer consistency check and then reboot. This is the last time you’ll need to do this.

Configure GRUB

If you want to modify how GRUB handles the new dualbooting environment, you need to edit the boot menu. Boot into Ubuntu and open up a Terminal window (Applications, Accessories, Terminal), and type in:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

Dualboot – Configure Boot Menu

This opens up the boot menu as a text file in gedit.

Dualboot – Boot Options

There are loads of options you can change, but only a couple that you’re likely to be interested in. The default boot entry is defined by the “default” value.

The default value is 0, which means that the first entry in the list (which is Ubuntu) always gets loaded.

If you want to make it so that Windows XP loads by default, change the value to 4, as XP is the fifth item in the list (the numbering system starts at 0).

The other way to load Windows XP by default is to change the value for “default” from a numerical value to “saved”. Then, GRUB will load whichever boot entry has been marked with “savedefault”.

If you scroll down the list and have a look at the entries, you’ll notice that both the main Ubuntu entry and Windows XP have been marked with “savedefault”. Remove the value for Ubuntu and Windows XP will launch by default.

You can also increase the boot menu timeout – just change the value for “timeout”. You can also hide the GRUB boot menu by removing the hash in front of “hiddenmenu”. Save and exit gedit to keep any changes.

And that’s about it. Dualbooting Windows XP and Linux when Windows is installed first is by far the easiest method of dualbooting, because most up-to-date Linux distros are very aware and accommodating of other operating systems, and GRUB is an excellent and highly flexible bootloader.

fonte: apcmag.com 

Come installare XP con Linux a bordo

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Scenario: You want to install XP on your machine alongside your existing Linux installation, on the same drive. You have installed Ubuntu already.

Tutorial Summary: We’re going to use the Gnome Partition Editor (Gparted) from the Ubuntu LiveCD to shrink the main Ubuntu data partition on the hard disk and create enough space for an installation of XP.

We’ll then install XP, and, because XP overwrites the master boot record, we’ll restore the GRUB boot loader so that either XP or Linux can be selected at boot time.

This is an updated tutorial from our previous Linux/XP workshop. That version was written using Ubuntu 6.10, whereas this tutorial was written for Ubuntu 7.04.

These steps have been tested in both an ASUS P5AD2-based system with an 80GB Seagate SATA drive and a VMWare 6 virtual machine.

Prepare the Ubuntu System

The assumption is that the Ubuntu system has been installed on a single hard drive which has enough space to accommodate both operating systems.

The first step is to create enough space on the disk to install Windows XP. The Ubuntu Live CD does contains GNOME Partition Editor, which can be used to resize Linux partitions, but the Live CD for Ubuntu 7.04 has an annoying tendency to mount the filesystem while it’s checking it. This causes an partition work to bring up an error. It does work, but it’s messy. So instead we’ll use the GParted LiveCD, which acts independently of the OS and doesn’t give us any grief.

The GParted LiveCD ISO is available here – burn it to CD and boot the system from the disc. The version we used was 0.3.4-7.

Boot the Ubuntu machine from the GParted LiveCD. Depending on your system, you should just need to select the auto-configuration boot option.

During boot, press Enter twice when prompted to select the keymap and language settings. When the main GUI loads, right-click on the main partition (depending on your setup, probably /dev/sda1) and select Resize/Move.

Use the slider to create sufficient space to house the XP installation then click Resize/Move.

Once that’s done, quit GParted and reboot the machine from the Windows XP CD.

Now, install Windows XP

Once the CD has loaded, press Enter to install Windows XP, then F8 to accept the license agreement.

When the partition screen loads, you can see that Windows Setup can see the two existing Ubuntu partitions and has interestingly assigned them drive letters (even though it can’t read them.)

The space we’ve just created is also there, so select that and hit Enter.

Windows XP – Select Partition

Because the primary active partition (/dev/hda1) has been marked as bootable, Windows can’t be installed until this partition has been marked inactive so that the new partition can take over. This is pretty much the same as installing Windows Vista. Hit Enter to make this change and then format the new partition.

Windows XP – Mark Partition Active

Unfortunately because XP detected the two Ubuntu partitions and assigned them drive letters, the new partition which Windows is going to be installed on will be assigned drive letter F:, which is definitely a non-standard drive letter for Windows.

However, it’s not that much of a problem – at least as far as Windows and therefore most other intelligent applications go.

It could be a problem for older apps which don’t look to the Windows settings and make assumptions about where they can install themselves (for example, apps that are hard coded to install to Drive C).

Reboot the system once Windows is installed and you’ll see that it boots straight into XP. Ubuntu’s GRUB bootloader in the MBR (Master Boot Record) has been overwritten, so Ubuntu isn’t bootable at this point in time.

There are ways to make the Ubuntu partition bootable while still using XP’s bootloader in the MBR. However this is fiddly and involves using FAT32 partitions, as FAT32 is readable by both XP and Ubuntu. Wherever possible I avoid using FAT32 – it’s nowhere near as optimised as NTFS, and you lose out on all the enhanced security and permissions features.

Reinstating GRUB as the system bootloader is a much better alternative – it handles pretty much any operating system you care to throw at it, and it’s very easy to administer.

Reinstall GRUB to the MBR

The next step is to reinstate GRUB as the system bootloader. Boot the system using the Ubuntu Live CD.

Go into the GNOME Partition Editor and you can see that the Windows XP Partition is detected as /dev/hda2 and has been marked as the boot partition.

It can actually stay as the boot partition, but as we’re going to reinstall GRUB it makes sense to change this – it doesn’t adversely effect XP.

Right-click the Windows partition and select Manage Flags.

Untick “boot” and select Close.

Then right-click the primary Ubuntu partition (/dev/hda1), select Manage Flags and tick “boot”, then Close. Done.

GParted – Manage Flags

GParted – Mark Bootable

Now to reinstall GRUB. Open up Terminal (Applications, Accessories, Terminal) and type in:

sudo grub

This will launch the GRUB application. Now type in:

find /boot/grub/stage1

This will search for where GRUB has been installed, and you should get the result hd(0,0).

Change the active root to this location by typing in:

root (hd0,0)

Now we’re going to reinstall GRUB to the MBR rather than the Ubuntu partition.

If we were going to use the Windows XP bootloader then we’d reinstall GRUB to hd(0,0), but as we’re not, type in:

setup (hd0)

This restores GRUB to the MBR. Type in QUIT and then EXIT to get out of GRUB and Terminal respectively, then reboot the system. Ubuntu will load by default.

Modify the Boot Menu

What we need to do now is modify the GRUB boot menu to allow Windows XP to load. Boot the system into Ubuntu and go to Terminal. Type in:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

This loads the GRUB menu file (which is basically a text file) within GEdit.

Navigate down to the section which after “## ## End Default Options ##”.

These are the individual menu items in the GRUB menu.

Ubuntu & XP – GRUB Menu

To create a new entry, navigate down to the end of the list (although it can go anywhere really) and enter the following lines:

title Windows XP

root (hd0,1)

makeactivechainloader +1

This places an item in the boot menu to launch Windows XP from its own partition (hd0,1).

If you like, scroll up to the top of MENU.LST and find the line called TIMEOUT.

The numerical value assigned to TIMEOUT dictates how long you’ve got to go into the boot menu (in seconds) before the default boot item loads.

When configuring a dual-/multi-boot system I find it better to increase this value.

Just above TIMEOUT is DEFAULT. This specifies which boot entry is the default.

The numbering system starts at 0 and counts upwards, so the DEFAULT = 0 means that Ubuntu is always the default entry.

If you want Windows XP to be the default, replace the value.

Save MENU.LST and exit from GEdit, then restart the system.

Hit ESC when prompted to bring up the boot menu, and there’s the newly-created Windows XP entry.

Navigate to this boot item and hit Enter – Windows XP will load.

Uninstalling Windows XP

If you decide after a while that this dualbooting situation is no good and you wish to scrap Windows XP, it’s actually very easy.

Go through the process outlined above to modify the MENU.LST and remove the Windows boot entry.

Then boot off the Ubuntu Live CD and go into GNOME Partition Editor. Right-click the Windows partition (/dev/hda2) and select Delete.

Then right-click the main Ubuntu partition (/dev/hda1) and select Resize/Move.

Drag the edge of the partition to reclaim the space you’ve just freed up by deleting the Windows XP partition and click Resize.

There will now be two actions waiting in the Operations window. Hit Apply and these changes are made.

This take your system right back to the start before Windows was installed, and is actually quite a graceful exit from the dualboot scenario.

fonte: apcmag.com